DisplayPort (DP) is a digital video interface standard developed by PC and chip manufacturers alliance and standardized by Video Electronic Standards Association (VESA). The interface is authentication free and authorization free. It is mainly used for the connection between video source and display and other devices. It also supports carrying audio, USB and other forms of data.
This interface is designed to replace the traditional VGA, DVI and FPD link (LVDS) interfaces. Through active or passive adapters, the interface is backward compatible with traditional interfaces such as HDMI and DVI.
Overview
DisplayPort is the first display communication port that relies on packet data transmission technology, which can be found in Ethernet, USB, PCI Express and other technologies. It can be used for both internal and external display connections. Unlike the previous standards, which required the timer signal to be transmitted fixedly in the differential pair of each output, the DisplayPort protocol is based on a small data message, which is called micro message, which can embed the timer signal in the data stream. The advantage is that with fewer pins, higher resolution can be achieved. The application of data message also allows the use of DisplayPort for scalability, which means that over time, the physical communication port itself can add additional functions without significant changes.
DisplayPort can be used to transmit audio and video at the same time. Each of these two items can be transmitted separately without the other. Each color channel in the video signal path can have 6 to 16 bits, the audio path can have up to 8 channels of 24 bit 192 kHz uncompressed PCM audio, or the compressed audio format can be encapsulated in the audio stream. A two-way, half duplex auxiliary channel carries equipment management and equipment control data for the main link, such as vesaedid, MCCs and DPMS standards. In addition, the communication port is capable of transporting bidirectional USB signals.
DisplayPort signal is not compatible with DVI or HDMI. However, dual-mode displayports are designed to transmit single link DVI or hdmi1 through this communication port The protocol of 2 / 1.4 needs to be realized by using an external passive connector, selecting the required signal and converting the electrical signal from LVDS to TMDs. Dual mode displayports with passive connectors do not support VGA and dual link DVI. These communication ports need active connectors to convert the required output protocols and signals. VGA connector can use DisplayPort connector to supply power, while dual link DVI connector may depend on external power supply (refer to HDMI, DVI and VGA compatibility).
The DisplayPort connector can have 1, 2, or 4 differential data pairs (lanes) in the main link. Each lane can have an original bit rate of 1.62, 2.7, or 5.4 Gbit / S based on the self timer running at 162, 270, or 540mhz. The data is 8B / 10B encoded, that is, every 8-bit message is encoded into a 10 bit symbol. Therefore, the effective data transmission rate of each channel after decoding is 1.296, 2.16 and 4.32 Gbit / S (or 80% of the total).
VERSION
1.0
Issued in May 2006. The bandwidth is 10.8gbps. The maximum transmission speed of DisplayPort 1.0 is 8.64gbit/s and the length is 2m. It has been abandoned.
1.1a
Issued in January 2008. DisplayPort 1.1 allows the use of other transmission media (such as optical fiber) to increase the transmission distance, but does not standardize other transmission media. At the same time, add HDCP to DisplayPort content protection (DPCP) It has been rarely used.
1.2
Issued on December 22, 2009. Its biggest change is to double the transmission speed to 21.6gbit/s (high bit rate 2 (HBr2) mode) and support 4K (4096x2160) 60Hz, so it supports higher resolution, frame rate and color depth. The mini DisplayPort designed by apple is also compatible with this standard. Support 3D. Support multi streaming.
1.2a
On May 12, 2012, the video electronic Standards Association announced that DisplayPort 1.2A added "adaptive sync", a technology that can dynamically control the update rate of the display screen by the video output, so that the display screen can fully cooperate with the instructions of the video output to update the picture.
1.3
On September 15, 2014, the video electronic standards association released DisplayPort 1.3. The bandwidth speed is up to 32.4 Gbps (hbr3), and the effective bandwidth after encoding is 25.92 Gbps. It can support 4K (3840x2160) 120Hz, 5K (5120x2880) 60Hz and 8K (7680x4320) 30Hz.
1.4
The final version of DP 1.4 communication port specification in February 2016. The new standard is based on DP 1.3 specification in September 2014. The bandwidth remains unchanged, but the display stream compression technology, forward error correction and high dynamic range data packet (HDR meta transport) are added. The sound channel is also increased to 32 channels with 1536 kHz sampling rate, which will be used for laptops Smart phones and AIO all-in-one machines bring 8K level (7680x4320) 60Hz output, and 4K can be up to 120Hz.
2.0
DisplayPort 2.0 interface protocol was launched in 2019. The transmission bandwidth of DP 2.0 is up to 80gbps, which is the current dp1.0 4, which is 1.6 times that of HDMI 2.1. It can output 16K 60Hz (DSC), 10K 60Hz lossless, 4K 240Hz and other images on a single screen, and support double screen 4K 144hz lossless. [4]
Supporting standard editing and broadcasting
Mini DisplayPort
Mini DisplayPort is a mini version of DisplayPort. Published by apple on October 14, 2008. For MacBook (replaces Mini DVI), MacBook Air (replaces micro DVI), and macbook pro (replaces DVI). It is also applicable to 27 inch led cinema display.
PDMI
Pdmi (full name portable digital media interface, Chinese name portable digital media interface) is an interconnection standard for portable media players. In February 2010, CEA (American Consumer Electronics Association) developed this standard, which is called common interconnection for portable media players, and the standard number is ANSI / cea-2017-a. Under the leadership of Microsoft David Mclaughlan, more than 50 consumer electronics companies around the world support and invest in the development of this standard. It is designed to replace the iPod interface used only by apple.
SlimPort
Slimport is a technology developed by Silicon Valley digital analog based on DisplayPort technology, which supports the creation of a simple connection between mobile devices and external displays.
Functional features
Use USB / microusb interface. Slimport technology does not require the equipment to be equipped with MHL interface. The use process of plug and play can be realized only through the existing USB interface, which greatly expands the selection range of display devices.
Realize high definition / 3D of mobile devices. Slimport technology can not only transfer data from mobile phones, tablets and other devices to full HD display devices, but also support 1080p3d video with 7.1 channel audio at most.
Connect multiple display devices at the same time. Because slimport technology only needs USB interface to realize signal conversion and transmission. Therefore, it can realize that a mobile device can connect multiple displays at the same time and run different effect applications on each display.
Extend the battery life of mobile devices. In the process of connection, slimport technology will not consume battery power and reduce the efficiency of mobile devices. On the contrary, it can maintain the battery life, prolong the performance of mobile devices and effectively protect mobile devices.
Fully compatible with existing hdmi1 4A standard and old HDMI standard.
Support Hollywood standard content protection. Fully compatible with Hollywood standard content protection (HDCP) to protect copyrighted content from unauthorized interception.
No royalties.
Support vendor
AMD, apple, Dell, Intel, Lenovo and HP have expressed their support for DisplayPort.
Advantage
Protocol based on small packet
Allows easy extension of the DisplayPort standard
Allow multiple video streams (in future versions) when a single entity is connected online
Designed to support the connection between internal chips
Allowing direct operation of the display function options, the control loop of the display can be removed to produce cheaper and thinner displays.
The goal is to replace the LVDS connection inside the laptop panel with a unified link interface.
Allow backward compatibility with single channel DVI / HDMI; Dual DVI / HDMI and analog VGA connectors require adapters.
Support RGB and YCbCr color space (format of ITU-R BT.601 and bt.709).
The auxiliary channel can be used for touch panel data, USB link, camera, microphone and other devices.
Fewer channels and embedded clock frequency reduce RF interference RFI.
Support USB type-c.
technical specifications
DP1. 4 up to 32.4gbps bandwidth, which can support 8K 60Hz and 4K 120Hz HDR high resolution.
8bit / 10bit data transmission
Open and scalable standards can accelerate popularization.
Supports 6, 8, 10, 12 and 16 bit color depth.
The full bandwidth of the cable is guaranteed to be 3 meters long.
The effective transmission bandwidth of 1080p ensures a length of 5m.
Aecp-bit1, which supports more content protection.
Therefore, the manufacturer can reduce the cost of internal link and external support at the same time.
Multi display output
DisplayPort 1.2 supports MST (multi stream transport), and a single DP can be connected to multiple displays. To use this function, the monitor needs to support DP 1.2 daisy chaining, or use MST hub to split one DP into three.
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